Giftedness is asynchronous development in which advanced cognitive disabilities and heightened intensity combine to create inner experiences and awareness that are qualitatively different from the norm. (The Columbus Group, 1991)
The term "gifted and talented students" means children and youth who give evidence of high performance capability in areas such as intellectual, creative, artistic, or leadership capacity, or in specific academic fields, and how require services or activities not ordinarily provided by the school in order to fully develop such capabilities. (US Congress revision of the Maryland report of 1972 in 1988 - P.L. 100-297, Sec. 4103, Definitions)
Sternberg's five "necessary and sufficient conditions that gifted persons have in common":
- Excellence: A gifted person must be extremely good at something.
- Rarity: He or she must posses a high level of an attribute that is uncommon relative to peers.
- Productivity: The superior trait must (potentially) lead to productivity.
- Demonstrability: The trait also must be demonstrable through one or more valid tests.
- Value: The superior performance must be in an area that is valued by society.
(Davis and Rimm, 1998, p.23)
Joseph Renzulli's Three-Ring Model
"Gifted behavior...reflects an interaction among three basic clusters of human traits - these clusters being above average (but not necessarily high) general and/or specific ability, high levels of task commitment (motivation), and high levels of creativity. Gifted and talented children are those possessing or capable of developing this composite set of traits and applying them to any potentially valuable area of human performance." (quoted in Davis and Rimm, 1998, p. 19)
What is your definition of giftedness?
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